Background: Balance is a necessary component in sport activities to reduce noncontact injuries specifically in basketball players. Balance training during competitive season reduces the occurrence of injury by 38%. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the effect of standing Pilates on balance in basketball players. Aim: This study aims to study the effect of standing Pilates on balance in basketball players. Objectives: To find out balance using star excursion test and activity specific balance confidence (SEBT and ASBC) scale in basketball players. Materials and Methods: In pre-post experimental study design, 30 basketball players between the age group 18 and 35 years were included in the study. By taking prior consent individuals balance and confidence were assessed using SEBT and ASBC, data were collected and analyzed. Beginners Pilate's exercises were taught in the 1^st week, and intermittent and advanced were introduced in the 3^rd and 4^th week. Postintervention assessment was performed and data were analyzed. Results: Mean age was 22 ± 0.7 in which 13 males and 13 females were included in the study. 4 subjects dropped out from the study. Data were analyzed and students paired t-test was used. Mean of pre SEBT(R) and mean of post SEBT(R) 2.51 ± 0.58 was compared with paired t-test with P value (0.000) was statistically significant. Mean of pre-SEBT(L) and mean of post SEBT(L) 2.25 ± 0.86 was compared with paired t-test with P value (0.000) was statistically significant. Mean of pre-ASBC and mean of post-ASBC 13.7 ± 3.52 was compared with paired t-test with P value (0.000) was statistically significant. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of standing Pilates on balance in basketball players.

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Aim: It is understood at age 20 or 21 that men stop growing taller since testosterone causes epiphyseal closure, which prevents the long bones. In contrast to the increase in weight gain as body fat making weight loss difficult, as well as health problems associated with obesity. Our interest in this study deals with the superiority of anthropometric risk index in predicting the effect of stopping height growth on aerobic fitness profile. As the fundamental morphofunctional index risks documented by similar studies in its importance via adult elite soccer players. Methods: The present study was based on standardizing data for maximum volume of oxygen (VO2_max) categories fitness as morphofunctional characteristics versus waist circumference, body mass index, body shape index (ABSI), and body fat percent index (BFP). As the most anthropometric risk index for sixty adults, elite players in the Algerian championship, division one. Results: Thus, the analyses statistics we confirm are as follows: (a) Stopping growing taller affect negatively all anthropometric risk index relative to VO_2max in the opposite height. (b) Stopping growing taller increased the total body fat validity by ABSI z-score complimentary to ABSI as risk index predicting the impact stop height on body excess relative to aerobic fitness profile among elite soccer players. (c) Heart rate (HR) relates to ABSI z-score scoring are the superior's anthropometric index risk, taking into their account the fat distribution and their outcome of cardiovascular diseases narrates with O2 transportation or consumption. Conclusions: The results of the current research allow us for the following conclusions: (1) the stopping growing taller increase the accumulation of fat, making the weight loss difficult at this stage of age. (2) Preventing the aftermath of the testosterone requires from the coach to appropriate training procedures based on dominant energy relative to the body changes compared to the levels of aerobic capacity. (3) RHR and ABSI z-score are the favorable anthropometric index risk, predicting the excess of body weight on the request aerobic fitness profile through soccer player.

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Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Background: There was not a study in the past which exclusively defines and reports foot defects, deformities, and diseases among barefoot and shod endurance runners. Methods: Participants were added by snowball sampling method after fulfilling inclusion criteria as barefoot runners (n = 80), shod runners (n = 80), and healthy collegiate nonrunners (controls n = 80) from Dakshina Karnataka, India. Outcome Measures: Foot deformities, foot defects, and diseases were identified using valid tools. Results: All foot defects, deformities, and diseases for three groups were identified and analyzed by one-way ANOVA which revealed a significant difference in the foot defects, deformities, and diseases (P < 0.01). Type of running, duration of running, and foot type were associated with the foot defects, deformities, and diseases in each group at 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: This study concluded that there exists a significant difference in foot defects, deformities, and diseases between three groups and found a strong association between specific type of running, duration of running, and foot type with the foot defects, deformities, and diseases. Hence, this study alarms runners, coaches, and shoe manufacturers to work on strategies to prevent all foot problems reported among runners.

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Background: The core has been referred to as the “Powerhouse,” the foundation or engine of all limb movements. All movements are generated from the core and translated to the extremities. Whereas the skaters need more core muscle strength for speed and stability. Objective: To find out the effectiveness of core muscle strengthening on skating speed. Study Design: Pre- and post-test experimental study design Materials and Methods: The study involved 31 teenage competitive skaters within the age group of 12–18 years were taken. The core strength of each participant was measured before and after the training program using pressure biofeedback unit. Skating speed of the participants was assessed by instructing the participants to skate 300 m and the skating speed using with a stopwatch. The exercise consists of 4 day/week for 4 weeks swiss ball exercises. Outcome Measures: Pressure biofeedback and stopwatch. Results: The mean of core strength on precession was 51.61 ± 8.34, posttreatment was 55.97 ± 11.21 after 16 sessions of the treatment. The P value was found to be <0.0001 which is highly statistically significant. The mean of skating speed was 42.10 ± 3.71, which was decreased to mean of 38.48 ± 4.96 after the 16 sessions of treatment. The P value was found to be < 0.0001 which is highly statistically significant. Conclusion: The study concluded that the protocol which consisted exercises given for 4 days/week for 4 weeks is effective in improving core muscle strength and speed in competitive roller skaters.

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Background: Intramedullary nailing of tibia fulfills the objective of stable fixation with minimal tissue damage resulting in early fracture union. However, it is accompanied by its own set of complications. Materials and Methods: Study area: Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. Study population: Patients attending emergency room and outpatient department 18 years with closed tibial diaphyseal fractures. Sample size: Fifty patients. Study Design: This study was an institution-based retrospective, observational study. Parameters to be Studied: (1) Subjective parameters: (A) resumption of activities of daily living, (B) pain-free movement and walking, and (C) squatting and sitting cross-legged. (2) Objective parameters: (A) clinical (i) weight-bearing time (partial/complete), (ii) clinical union time, (iii) range of motion of knee and ankle, (iv) limb length discrepancy, (v) neurovascular damage, (vi) infection, and (vii) need for second surgery: (a) dynamization, (b) exchange nailing, (c) bone grafting, and (d) ORIF with plate and bone grafting. (B) radiological: (i) radiological union, (ii) varus/valgus, (iii) procurvatum/recurvatum, (iv) rotational malalignment, and (v) implant failure. Results: Final outcome was measured using Johner and Wruhs' Criteria with modification, and excellent result was achieved in 48% patients, good in 34% patients, fair in 12% patients and poor in 6% patients. Conclusion: Closed interlocking nail for closed tibial diaphyseal fractures of tibia is not a “full-proof” technique. Advantages over conservative methods and it's complications, both should be explained, and an informed consent taken before “interlocking” a closed tibial diaphyseal fracture.

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